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Fibrinogen and Fragments 

DOMAIN STRUCTURE OF FIBRINOGEN The trinodular arrangement of the Aα, Bβ, and γ chains, the IIa cleavage sites (IIa) releasing FPA and FPB, as well as the plasmin cleavage sites (Pm) yielding Fragment D and Fragment E are shown.

PURCHASING AND PRODUCT INFORMATION

Catalog Number HCI-0150R HCI-0150D HCI-0150E MCI-5150*	Description Human Research Grade Fibrinogen Human Fibrinogen Fragment D Human Fibrinogen Fragment E Mouse Fibrinogen	Size 2 mg 200 µg - lyophilized 100 µg - lyophilized 1 mg - lyophilized	Formulation 10 mM NaCit, 10 mM NaPO4, pH 7.3 0.9% NaCl, 3% glycine (w/v) 0.9% NaCl, 3% glycine (w/v) 20 mM NaCit, 20 mM NaPO4, pH 7.3
Storage 4oC for lyophilized; -80oC for aqueous	Purity >95% by SDS-PAGE	Activity Determination N/A	Shelf Life (properly stored) 12 months
	Sample Gel Information: Gel: Novex 4-12% Bis-Tris Load: 1 µg per lane; purified human fibrinogen Buffer: MOPS Standard: SeeBluePlus 2; Myosin (191 kDa), Phosphorylase B (97 kDa), BSA (64 kDa), Glutamic Dehydrogenase (51 kDa), Alcohol Dehydrogenase (39 kDa), Carbonic Anhydrase (28 kDa), Myoglobin Red (19 kDa), Lysozyme (14 kDa)
Sample publications referencing our Fibrinogen: Akhter, S., et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 July 9; 99(14): 9172–9177. (Fibrinogen polymerization) Lu, C., et al., Arthritis Rheum. 2005 December ; 52(12): 4018–4027. (Detection of tPA antibodies) This publication list is not all encompassing, and is only meant to provide limited examples of how Haematologic Technologies' products are used.  We encourage you to search the literature for other examples pertinent to your experimentation, and to contact us with any technical questions.
U.S. Pricing	Product inquiry	SAMPLE DATA SHEET	ORDER NOW!

*Due to mouse plasma quality issues our mouse proteins are not being sold until further notice.  At the present time we cannot give a completion date.  Thank you.

Overview of Fibrinogen

The thrombin (IIa) catalyzed cleavage of soluble fibrinogen (Fbg) to form fibrin (Fbn) is the terminal proteolytic event in the coagulation cascade. These soluble Fbn monomers spontaneously polymerize to form an insoluble Fbn network which is stabilized by the factor XIIIa catalyzed crosslinking of lys and glu residues of α and γ chains. This Fbn network is the major protein component of the hemostatic plug. 

Plasma fibrinogen is large glycoprotein (Mr=340,000) synthesized in the liver and circulating at a concentration of 2.6 mg/ml. It is a disulfide linked dimer composed of 3 pairs of disulfide linked non-identical polypeptide chains (Aα, Bβ and γ). Notable features of the Aα chain are the N-terminal peptide (fibrinopeptide A (FPA, 1-16)), factor XIIIa crosslinking sites and 2 phosphorylation sites. When synthesized, Fbg is fully phosphorylated, but circulates at only 20-30% phosphorylation. The Bβ chain contains fibrinopeptide B (FPB, 1-14), one of the 3 N-linked carbohydrate moieties (Mr=2500) and an N-terminal pyroglutamic acid. The γ chain contains the other N-linked glycosylation site and a factor XIIIa crosslinking sites. The 2 elongated subunits ((AαBβγ)₂) are aligned in an antiparallel manner forming a trinodular arrangement of the six chains. The nodes are formed by disulfide rings between the 3 parallel chains. The central node (n-disulfide knot, E domain) is formed by the N-termini of all six chains held together by 11 disulfide bonds. This region contains the 2 IIa-sensitive sites. The release of FPA by cleavage at R16-G17 generates Fbn I, exposing a polymerization site (17-20) on the Aα chain. These regions bind to complimentary regions on the D domain of Fbn to form protofibrils. Subsequent IIa cleavage of FPB (R14-G15) from the Bβ chain exposes additional polymerization sites and promotes lateral growth of the Fbn network. 

Each of the 2 domains between the central node (E domain) and the C-terminal nodes (D domain) is composed of parallel α-helical regions of the Aα, Bβ and γ chains coiled around each other to form a "coiled coil" with polar residues directed outward and nonpolar residues forming a hydrophobic core. In this region, all 3 chains possess a protease (plasmin) sensitive site. The other major plasmin sensitive site is in the hydrophilic preturbance of the α-chain from the C-terminal node. Controlled plasmin degradation at these sites converts Fbg into fragment D and fragment E. The individual fragments are isolated by salt fractionation, gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. The fragments are supplied lyophilized for storage at 4°C. Highly purified research grade fibrinogen (>95% clottable) is prepared by a combination of conventional and affinity techniques. It is supplied as a frozen solution in Tris-buffered saline for storage at -80°C. 

Properties of Fibrinogen

PURCHASING AND PRODUCT INFORMATION

References 

1. Hantgan, R.R., et.al., in Haemostasis and Thrombosis, 2nd edition, pp 269-289, Bloom, A.L., Forbes, C.D., Thomas, D.P. and Tuddenham, E.G.D., eds, Churchill Livingstone, 1991. 
2. Doolittle, R.F. in Haemostasis and Thrombisos, 3rd edition, 491-513, Bloom, A.L., Forbes, C.D., Thomas, D.P. and Tuddenham, E.G.D., eds, Churchill Livingstone, 1994. 
3. Shaefer, J.A. and Higgins, D.L., CRC Crit.Rev.Clin.Lab.Sci., 26, 1-41 (1988). 
4. Hoeprich, P.D. and Doolittle, R.F., Biochemistry, 22, 2049 (1983). 
5. Doolittle, R.F. et.al., J.Mol.Biol., 120, 311-325 (1978). 
6. Marder, V.J., et.al., J.Biol.Bhem., 244, 2111-2119 (1969). 
7. Budzynski, A.Z., et.al., J.Biol.Chem., 249, 2294-2302 (1974). 
8. Furlan, M. and Beck, E.A., Biochim.Biophys. Acta, 310, 205-216 (1973). 
9. Furlan, M., in Human Protein Data, Fibrinogen, Haeberli,A., ed., VCH Publishers, N.Y. (1995).